Albert:不走弯路学英语 -- 英语里的虚拟语气 "假设",你能自如运用了吗
第10集【说】 | 英语里的"假设",你能自如运用了吗
http://www.ximalaya.com/55536204/sound/75192324/
里面讲到了虚拟语气。总结下:
有两点,
一个是were
另一个是 should have, would have, could have + done -- 表示过去的假设
先说第一个:
所谓虚拟,就是从说话者的角度,不希望发生的。
如果是希望发生,就不是虚拟语气了。
比如说:
如果今天下午下雨,我就裸奔。这就用were . if it were to rain this afternoon, I would do......
如果今天下午下雨,我就不出去了。就要用is ,就不是虚拟语气了。因为说话者判断可能会下雨。
if it is to rain this afternoon, I will not go out.
第二个,就是过去的假设 should,would,could + have done:
课程里,Albert说,你应该看电影**。you should have seen the moive **。
就是说你应该来,而没有来。指责爽约,或是电影好看,可惜你没有看。
I would have called ,but my phone run out of battery. 想打电话,但因为某种原因打不了。
I could have called you later,but it was too late that night. 能打电话了,但是因为某种原因不打。
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再总结:
can 和 could的不同。 一般确定要做的,用can, 而不确定的(即有点虚),用could。
比如老友记第9季的11课里,
Phoebe: Joey, can I have a sip of your coffee and a bite of your muffin? --- 用can,表示她确实是想做这件事。
Joey: Okay.
Phoebe Thank you. (Pours his coffee in a thermos and puts his muffin in her purse.) Thank you!
Joey:: Pheebs, have you ever been bitten by a hungry Italian?
Phoebe: I'm sorry, it's just, I'm a little short on cash.
Joey: If you want I could loan you some money? -- 用could,表示对方是不是真的需要Joey帮忙,借钱给她。所以Joey说这话时有点确定。
而为什么同样是虚,而不用would呢? 个人觉得,could是一种能力,而would是一种意愿。
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